Efflux‐Pump–Derived Multiple Drug Resistance to Ethambutol Monotherapy inMycobacterium tuberculosisand the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Ethambutol
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Pharmacokinetics of isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol in Indian children
BACKGROUND The available pharmacokinetic data on anti-tubercular drugs in children raises the concern of suboptimal plasma concentrations attained when doses extrapolated from adult studies are used. Also, there is lack of consensus regarding the effect of malnutrition on pharmacokinetics of anti-tubercular drugs in children. We conducted this study with the aims of determining the plasma conce...
متن کاملPopulation pharmacokinetics of ethambutol in South African tuberculosis patients.
Ethambutol, one of four drugs in the first-line antitubercular regimen, is used to protect against rifampin resistance in the event of preexisting resistance to isoniazid. The population pharmacokinetics of ethambutol in South African patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were characterized using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling. Patients from 2 centers were treated with ethambutol (800 to 1,500...
متن کاملMycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to rifampicin and ethambutol: a clinical survey.
Ninety-seven cultures of Myco, tuberculosis referred to the Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Cardiff during 1972-73 and found to be resistant to rifampicin or ethambutol were studied. Resistance to each drug appeared equally common. Few lower grades of rifampicin resistance occurred, cultures tending to be either fully sensitive or highly resistant. Intermediate grades of ethambutol resistanc...
متن کاملTetrandrine reverses drug resistance in isoniazid and ethambutol dual drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates
BACKGROUND Tetrandrine is a natural chemical product purified from fourstamen stephania root which recently has been shown to act similarly as synthesized drug efflux pump inhibitor verapamil. The aim of the study is to examine whether tetrandrine could potentiate anti-tubercular drugs to which Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) has turned resistant via efflux mechanisms. METHODS We screened 20...
متن کاملHypersensitivity Reaction and Tolerance Induction to Ethambutol
Tuberculosis remains the leading cause of death worldwide from any infectious agent and the alarming increase in the annual incidence of new cases has been described as a global emergency. Mycobacterium infection requires simultaneous administration of multiple drugs. Although the majority of treatment courses progress with minor side effects, adverse reactions to antituberculosis drugs occur i...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: The Journal of Infectious Diseases
سال: 2010
ISSN: 0022-1899,1537-6613
DOI: 10.1086/651377